Dual checkpoint T(h1)eamwork makes the anti-cancer dream work

Abstract

Combined anti-PD-L1+anti-CTLA-4 therapy has shown benefits over anti-PD-L1 monotherapy as a neoadjuvant treatment in head and neck cancer. In this issue of Immunity, Franken et al. report that CD4⁺ T cell trafficking from lymph nodes to tumors and expansion toward T helper 1 cells are features specific to combination therapy.