Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Tissue In Vitro after PDT Therapy

Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher; Wiktoria Mytych; Klaudia Dynarowicz; Angelika Myśliwiec; Agnieszka Machorowska-Pieniążek; Grzegorz Cieślar; Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka; David Aebisher

doi:10.3390/diagnostics14050563

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Tissue In Vitro after PDT Therapy

Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Mar 6;14(5):563. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14050563.

Authors

Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher¹, Wiktoria Mytych², Klaudia Dynarowicz³, Angelika Myśliwiec³, Agnieszka Machorowska-Pieniążek⁴, Grzegorz Cieślar⁵, Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka⁵, David Aebisher⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
² Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
³ Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.
⁴ Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
⁶ Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is increasingly used in modern medicine. It has found application in the treatment of breast cancer. The most common cancer among women is breast cancer. We collected cancer cells from the breast from the material received after surgery. We focused on tumors that were larger than 10 mm in size. Breast cancer tissues for this quantitative non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study could be seen macroscopically. The current study aimed to present findings on quantitative non-contrast MRI of breast cancer cells post-PDT through the evaluation of relaxation times. The aim of this work was to use and optimize a 1.5 T MRI system. MRI tests were performed using a clinical scanner, namely the OPTIMA MR360 manufactured by General Electric HealthCare. The work included analysis of T1 and T2 relaxation times. This analysis was performed using the MATLAB package (produced by MathWorks). The created application is based on medical MRI images saved in the DICOM3.0 standard. T1 and T2 measurements were subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk test, which showed that both samples belonged to a normal distribution, so a parametric t-test for dependent samples was used to test for between-sample variability. The study included 30 sections tested in 2 stages, with consistent technical parameters. For T1 measurements, 12 scans were performed with varying repetition times (TR) and a constant echo time (TE) of 3 ms. For T2 measurements, 12 scans were performed with a fixed repetition time of 10,000 ms and varying echo times. After treating samples with PpIX disodium salt and bubbling with pure oxygen, PDT irradiation was applied. The cell relaxation time after therapy was significantly shorter than the cell relaxation time before PDT. The cells were exposed to PpIX disodium salt as the administered pharmacological substance. The study showed that the therapy significantly affected tumor cells, which was confirmed by a significant reduction in tumor cell relaxation time on the MRI results.

Keywords: MRI; PDT; breast cancer; in vitro.

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.