Heavy metals polluted aquatic ecosystems and become a global environmental issue due to their toxic effect on all forms of ecosystems and further on all forms of life. Heavy metals are non- degradable and accumulated in different life forms by accumulating in the food chain; this increases the need for the development of a sustainable method for the removal of these metals. Biosorption is an eco-friendly and cost-effective convenient technique of heavy metal bioremediation from the contaminated aquatic ecosystem. The current investigation involves biosorption of iron using Bacillus subtilis strain (MN093305) isolated from Ganga river at different physical parameters with the highest rate of biosorption was 96.64%, 98.91%, 97.88%, and 99.44% at pH 5, 60 min incubation period, 35 °C temperature and 2.5 mg/ml of biomass respectively for dead biomass. Living biomass biosorption rate was 87.32%, 96.74%, 96.94% and 95.02% at pH 7, 72 h, 35 °C and 2.5 mg/ml respectively. Functional groups involved in the biosorption of iron by Bacillus subtilis were fitted to a second-order kinetic model. Langmuir and Freundlich's isotherm are used to evaluate data; both isotherms indicate iron absorption as a favorable process.
Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Biosorption; FT-IR; Heavy metals; SEM.
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