Objective: To evaluate the effects of re-tucking the superior oblique muscle on recurrent or residual compensatory head position. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted. 12 recurrent or residual compensatory head position patients (12 eyes) with congenital superior oblique palsy who underwent superior oblique re-tucking in Tianjin Eye Hospital from March 2015 to February 2021 were included. All patients had a history of superior oblique tucking procedure and showed signs of superior oblique muscle palsy without inferior oblique muscle overaction. During surgery, the Guyton forced duction test is used to evaluate the relaxation of the superior oblique muscle tendon, which affects the re-tucking length of the muscle.Their head position, vertical deviation, eye movement, fovea-disa angle, and Bielschowsky head tilt test were assessed pre-and post-surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using ttest and paired samples Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Out of the 12 patients, 8 were male and 4 were female, aged between 2 and 9 years. The initial surgery was done at age 6, with a superior oblique recession length of (7.17±1.03) mm. Recurrent head tilt occurred in 11 patients after (3.82±0.98) months postoperatively, and 1 patient had residual head tilt, with a followup period of six months or more. Ocular motility examination revealed underaction of the superior oblique muscle, positive Bielschowsky's head tilt test, and Guyton forced duction tese indicating relaxation of the paralyzed superior oblique muscle tendon. Scar adhesion was observed at the stop of the superior oblique muscle, as well as the previous sutures. The scar and the sutures around the stop of the superior oblique muscle were released, the mean re-tucking amount was(7.83±1.59)mm. Follow-up at 12 to 18 months postoperatively showed disappearance of compensatory head position, significant improvement in superior oblique muscle lag, normal ocular motility, and no occurrence of Brown syndrome. The results of Bielschowsky head tilt were negative in 9 cases and still positive in 3 cases after superior oblique re-tucking. The primary vertical deviation was 2.5 (2.0, 5.3) prism diopter pre-operatively and 1 (0, 1) prism diopter post-operatively, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (U=6.00, P<0.001). The total amount of FDA in both eyes was (-22.04±5.47)° and (-15.27±6.08)° pre-and post-operatively, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.87, P=0.009). All 12 patients have normal eye movement after superior oblique re-tucking procedure. All patients had no compensatory head position at last follow-up. Conclusions: Superior oblique re-tucking is suitable for patients with relaxation of the superior oblique muscle tendon and extrocular rotation as the main sign. It can effectively and safely correct the recurrent or residual compensatory head position after re-tucking the superior oblique muscle.
目的： 观察上斜肌再折叠术矫正先天性上斜肌麻痹患者首次手术后复发或残留代偿头位的临床疗效。 方法： 回顾性系列病例研究。收集2015年3月至2021年7月行上斜肌再折叠术治疗复发或残留代偿头位的12例（12只眼）先天性上斜肌麻痹患者的临床资料，患者均有上斜肌折叠术史，术后残留或复发代偿头位，第一眼位垂直斜视度数较小，眼球运动检查见受累眼上斜肌运动落后，不伴同侧下斜肌亢进。术中全身麻醉下行Guyton被动牵拉试验评估上斜肌肌腱松弛程度，根据上斜肌肌腱松弛程度来决定上斜肌再折叠长度。随访并观察患者手术前后代偿头位、第一眼位垂直斜视度数、眼球运动、彩色眼底相、Bielschowsky征的变化。采用t检验和配对样本秩和检验进行统计学分析。 结果： 12例患者中，男性8例，女性4例；年龄范围为2~9岁，首次手术年龄为6（5，7）岁，首次上斜肌折叠术的上斜肌折叠长度为（7.17±1.03）mm，11例患者术后（3.82±0.98）个月出现复发歪头，1例患者为术后残留歪头，复发或残留头位随访半年及以上。所有患者眼球运动检查提示上斜肌落后，Bielschowsky征阳性，术中Guyton被动牵拉试验提示麻痹眼上斜肌肌腱松弛，探查上斜肌后松解上斜肌止端周围瘢痕，根据牵拉试验的上斜肌肌腱松弛程度行上斜肌再折叠术，再次折叠上斜肌的长度为（7.83±1.59）mm。术后随访12~18个月，患者术后代偿头位均消失，上斜肌落后明显改善，眼球运动正常，无Brown综合征发生。9例患者Bielschowsky征转为阴性，3例患者仍为阳性。术前第一眼位斜视度数为2.5（2.0，5.3）三棱镜度，术后为1（0，1）三棱镜度，两者差异有统计学意义（U=6.00，P<0.001）。黄斑中心凹-视盘中心夹角度数（FDA）术前为（-22.04±5.47）°，术后为（-15.27±6.08）°，差异有统计学意义（t=2.87，P=0.009）。所有患者歪头症状均得到满意改善，随访效果稳定，未发生回退。 结论： 上斜肌再折叠术适用于上斜肌肌腱松弛和以眼球外旋转为主要体征的上斜肌麻痹患者，能有效且安全地矫正上斜肌折叠术后复发或残留的代偿头位。.