Comparisons of ammonia- and water-based silver-containing solutions on dentin bonding and enzymatic activity: 1-yr evaluation

Carlo D' Alessandro; Edoardo Mancuso; Claudia Mazzitelli; Tatjana Maravic; Uros Josic; Diego D' Urso; Annamaria Forte; Federica Florenzano; Luigi Generali; Vittorio Checchi; Annalisa Mazzoni; Lorenzo Breschi

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2024.03.003

Comparisons of ammonia- and water-based silver-containing solutions on dentin bonding and enzymatic activity: 1-yr evaluation

Dent Mater. 2024 Mar 7:S0109-5641(24)00046-0. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.03.003. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ Dental Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Italy.
² Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.
³ Dental Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: lorenzo.breschi@unibo.it.

PMID: 38458917
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.03.003

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of an ammonia-based and a water-based silver-containing solutions on bonding performance and matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity of a universal adhesive to dentin after 1 year of artificial aging.

Methods: Mid-coronal dentin surfaces of 60 sound human molars were exposed and the following groups were formed according to the surface pre-treatment and etching mode of the universal adhesive (Zipbond Universal, SDI) (n = 10): G1) Zipbond in the self-etch mode (ZSE); G2) Riva Star (SDI) applied before ZSE; G3) Riva Star Aqua (SDI) applied before ZSE; G4) Zipbond in the etch-and-rinse mode (ZER); G5) Riva Star applied before ZER; G6) Riva Star Aqua applied before ZER. The specimens were sectioned and subjected to microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test at baseline (T₀) and after 12 months (T₁₂) of artificial storage. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDS) were also conducted. Three additional molars per group were processed for the in situ zymography analysis at T₀ and T₁₂. Data were statistically analyzed (p < 0.05).

Results: Dentin pre-treatments and aging decreased bonding values, regardless of the etching mode (p < 0.05). No differences in µTBS were observed between the two silver-containing solutions, both at T₀ and T₁₂. Riva Star Aqua and etching significantly increased the MMPs activity, independent of the storage period (p < 0.05).

Significance: Dentin surface pre-treatment with silver-containing solutions negatively affects the bonding performances of resin composite restorations placed with a universal adhesive. However, the ammonia-based product Riva Star might show better stability in the long term, due to lower activation of MMPs.

Keywords: Aging; Bond strength; Composite resin; MMPs; Potassium iodide; Silver diamine fluoride; Universal adhesive.