N-Cα Bond Cleavage Catalyzed by a Multinuclear Iron Oxygenase from a Divergent Methanobactin-like RiPP Gene Cluster

J Am Chem Soc. 2024 Mar 20;146(11):7313-7323. doi: 10.1021/jacs.3c11740. Epub 2024 Mar 7.

Abstract

DUF692 multinuclear iron oxygenases (MNIOs) are an emerging family of tailoring enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Three members, MbnB, TglH, and ChrH, have been characterized to date and shown to catalyze unusual and complex transformations. Using a co-occurrence-based bioinformatic search strategy, we recently generated a sequence similarity network of MNIO-RiPP operons that encode one or more MNIOs adjacent to a transporter. The network revealed >1000 unique gene clusters, evidence of an unexplored biosynthetic landscape. Herein, we assess an MNIO-RiPP cluster from this network that is encoded in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. The cluster, which we have termed mov (for methanobactin-like operon in Vibrio), encodes a 23-residue precursor peptide, two MNIOs, a RiPP recognition element, and a transporter. Using both in vivo and in vitro methods, we show that one MNIO, homologous to MbnB, installs an oxazolone-thioamide at a Thr-Cys dyad in the precursor. Subsequently, the second MNIO catalyzes N-Cα bond cleavage of the penultimate Asn to generate a C-terminally amidated peptide. This transformation expands the reaction scope of the enzyme family, marks the first example of an MNIO-catalyzed modification that does not involve Cys, and sets the stage for future exploration of other MNIO-RiPPs.

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Imidazoles*
  • Multigene Family
  • Oligopeptides*
  • Oxygenases* / genetics
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational*

Substances

  • methanobactin
  • Oxygenases
  • Peptides
  • Imidazoles
  • Oligopeptides