Costimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors on T lymphocytes play an essential role in the immune response. There is increasing evidence that the expression of co-signal molecules on T cells is altered in infection, tumor, autoimmunity, and other diseases, and that intervention of co-signal molecules can be used in the immunotherapy. This paper reviewed the costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors on Mtb-specific T lymphocytes and further explained the mechanism of co-signal molecules in the progression of tuberculosis, to provide a reference for future research and clinical application.
T淋巴细胞上的共刺激受体和共抑制受体在机体的免疫应答中发挥着重要作用。不断有证据表明，在感染、肿瘤、自身免疫等疾病中T细胞表面共信号分子的表达改变，对共信号分子进行干预可用于疾病的免疫治疗。本文对结核特异性T淋巴细胞上的共刺激受体和共抑制受体进行综述，进一步阐释共信号分子在结核病中发挥的作用机制，为未来深入研究和临床应用提供参考。.