Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disorder, is characterized by erosive inflammation of bone and cartilage, leading to progressive joint destruction. Pulmonary involvement occurs in approximately 60% of RA patients, manifests most commonly as interstitial lung disease and, less commonly, as rheumatoid lung nodules. Here, we report a 50-year-old woman, non-smoker, with recurrent cough and sputum of 7 years' duration, accompanied by a chest CT showing multiple cavitary nodules in both lungs. She had been treated empirically at several medical centers and was finally diagnosed with rheumatoid lung nodules. Marked improvement in rheumatoid lung nodules was observed after treatment with tocilizumab in combination with glucocorticoids and leflunomide. The aim of this study was to improve clinicians' understanding of rheumatoid lung nodules by analyzing the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of this case, and reviewing the relevant medical literature.
类风湿关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis，RA）是一种以侵蚀性关节炎症为主要临床表现的自身免疫病，约60%的患者可出现肺部受累，其常见表现类型为间质性肺病，类风湿肺结节少见。本文报道1例50岁女性反复咳嗽、咳痰7年伴胸部CT显示双肺多发结节伴空洞形成，辗转多家医院治疗效果不佳，最终确诊为类风湿肺结节，经托珠单抗联合激素及来氟米特治疗后病情改善。通过分析该病例的临床特点及诊治经过，并复习相关文献，提高临床医生对类风湿肺结节的认识。.