A fuel gas waste heat recovery-based multigeneration plant integrated with a LNG cold energy process, a water desalination unit, and a CO2 separation process

Dheyaa J Jasim; Ameer H Al-Rubaye; Lioua Kolsi; Sami Ullah Khan; Walid Aich; Mohammad Marefati

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26692

A fuel gas waste heat recovery-based multigeneration plant integrated with a LNG cold energy process, a water desalination unit, and a CO₂ separation process

Heliyon. 2024 Feb 20;10(4):e26692. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26692. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.

Authors

Dheyaa J Jasim¹, Ameer H Al-Rubaye², Lioua Kolsi^{3

4}, Sami Ullah Khan⁵, Walid Aich^{3

4}, Mohammad Marefati⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Petroleum Engineering, Al-Amarah University College, Maysan, Iraq.
² Department of Petroleum Engineering, Al-Kitab University, Altun Kupri, Iraq.
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, 81451, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Laboratory of Meteorology and Energy Systems, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
⁵ Department of Mathematics, Namal University, Mianwali, 42250, Pakistan.
⁶ Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Development of the multigeneration plants based on the simultaneous production of water and energy can solve many of the current problems of these two major fields. In addition, the integration of fossil power plants with waste heat recovery processes in order to prevent the release of pollutants in the environment can simultaneously cover the environmental and thermodynamic improvements. Besides, the addition of a carbon dioxide (CO₂) capturing cycles with such plants is a key issue towards a sustainable environment. Accordingly, a novel waste heat recovery-based multigeneration plant integrated with a carbon dioxide separation/liquefaction cycle is proposed and investigated under multi-variable assessments (energy/exergy, financial, and environmental). The offered multigeneration system is able to generate various beneficial outputs (electricity, liquefied CO₂ (L-CO₂), natural gas (NG), and freshwater). In the offered system, the liquified natural gas (LNG) cold energy is used to carry out condensation processes, which is a relatively new idea. Based on the results, the outputs rates of net power, NG, L-CO₂, and water were determined to be approximately 42.72 MW and 18.01E+03, 612 and 3.56E+03 kmol/h, respectively. Moreover, the multigeneration plant was efficient about 32.08% and 87.72%, respectively, in terms of energy and exergy. Economic estimates indicated that the unit product costs of electricity and liquefied carbon dioxide production, respectively, were around 0.0466 USD per kWh and 0.0728 USD per kg-CO₂. Finally, the total released CO₂ was about 0.034 kg per kWh. According to a comprehensive comparison, the offered multigeneration plant can provide superior environmental, thermodynamic, and economic performances compared to similar plants. Moreover, there was no need to purchase electricity from the grid.

Keywords: CO2 separation/liquefaction; Desalinated water; Fuel gas; LNG cold energy; Multigeneration plant; Waste heat recovery.