The impact of secondhand smoke on failure of Helicobacter pylori therapy is not inferior to that of smoking

Jiajia Wu; Zheng Qian; Dingfu Zhong; Min Lin

doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102312

The impact of secondhand smoke on failure of Helicobacter pylori therapy is not inferior to that of smoking

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2024 Feb 29;48(6):102312. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102312. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jiajia Wu¹, Zheng Qian², Dingfu Zhong¹, Min Lin³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China.
² Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China.
³ Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China. Electronic address: tianya-liulang@sohu.com.

PMID: 38430988
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102312

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have shown the associations between smoking and failure to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), but less is known about the impact of secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) on H. pylori eradication.

Methods: Between July 2022 to July 2023, 646 patients who received proton pump inhibitor (PPIs) as first-line H. pylori eradication therapy were recruited for the study. Information was obtained via the hospital database and a telephone questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to examine risk factors of H. pylori eradication failure.

Results: This was a single-center retrospective study consisting of 646 patients who received PPIs as first-line H. pylori eradication therapy. This included 122 smokers, 165 never-smokers with SHS, and 359 never-smokers with no SHS exposure. Compared with subjects in the "eradication success" group, those in the "eradication failure" group tended to have higher prevalence of smoke consumption and have higher prevalence of SHS exposure. In binary logistic regression analysis, smoking (OR 3.409, 95 % CI: 1.782- 6.522, P < 0.001) and SHS (OR 3.188, 95 % CI: 1.726-5.886, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of eradication failure. In addition, never-smokers with SHS exposure and smoking had similar effects on H. pylori eradication (OR, 0.893; 95 % CI, 0.464 to 1.717, P value = 0.734).

Conclusion: Both smoking and SHS are independent risk factors for H. pylori eradication failure. Furthermore, the impact of SHS is not inferior to smoking.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Secondhand tobacco smoke; Smoking.