We estimated the population-level incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal, cervical, and anal cancers by smoking status. We combined HPV DNA genotyping data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Cancer Registry Sentinel Surveillance System with data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System across smoking status. During 2004-2005 and 2014-2015 in Kentucky, most cases of oropharyngeal (63.3%), anal (59.7%), and cervical (54.9%) cancer cases were among persons who ever smoked. Population-level incidence rate was higher among persons who ever smoked than never smoked for HPV-positive oropharyngeal (7.8 vs 2.1; adjusted incidence rate ratio [RRadj] = 2.6), cervical (13.7 vs 6.8; RRadj = 2.0), and anal (3.9 vs 1.6; RRadj = 2.5) cancers. These findings indicate that smoking is associated with increased risk of HPV-positive oropharyngeal, cervical, and anal cancers, and the population-level burden of these cancers is higher among persons who ever smoked.
Published by Oxford University Press 2024.