Can System Inflammation Response Index or Systemic Immune Inflammation Index predict gestational diabetes mellitus in the first trimester? A prospective observational study

Esra Gulen Yildiz; Atakan Tanacan; Gulcan Okutucu; Ayse Gulcin Bastemur; Goksun Ipek; Dilek Sahin

doi:10.1002/ijgo.15442

Can System Inflammation Response Index or Systemic Immune Inflammation Index predict gestational diabetes mellitus in the first trimester? A prospective observational study

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2024 Mar 1. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.15442. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Esra Gulen Yildiz¹, Atakan Tanacan¹, Gulcan Okutucu¹, Ayse Gulcin Bastemur¹, Goksun Ipek¹, Dilek Sahin²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
² Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

PMID: 38426227
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15442

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate System Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) and Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII), which are the inflammatory indices, for the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the first trimester.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary center from April 2023 to September 2023. Ninety-four pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 107 healthy pregnant women were included. The two groups were compared according to first-trimester SIRI and SII values. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off levels of SII and SIRI in predicting GDM.

Results: Significantly higher first-trimester SII and SIRI values were present in the gestational diabetes group (P < 0.001). Optimal cut-off values in the prediction of gestational diabetes were found to be 1.58 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.71, 67% sensitivity, 65% specificity, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64-0.78, P < 0.001) and 875 (AUC 0.70, 66% sensitivity, 65% specificity, 95% CI 0.63-0.77, P < 0.001) for SIRI and SII, respectively. Neutrophil counts, mean platelet volume (MPW), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and red cell distribution width (RDW) were significantly higher in the GDM group (P < 0.001, P = 0.02, P = 0.01, P < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusion: Novel inflammatory indices SII and SIRI may be useful in the prediction of GDM in the first trimester, but their utility in the prediction of insulin requirement is questionable. They may be used as additional tools in routine clinical practice.

Keywords: SII; SIRI; gestational DM; inflammation.