Electron/infrared-phonon coupling in ABC trilayer graphene

Xiaozhou Zan; Xiangdong Guo; Aolin Deng; Zhiheng Huang; Le Liu; Fanfan Wu; Yalong Yuan; Jiaojiao Zhao; Yalin Peng; Lu Li; Yangkun Zhang; Xiuzhen Li; Jundong Zhu; Jingwei Dong; Dongxia Shi; Wei Yang; Xiaoxia Yang; Zhiwen Shi; Luojun Du; Qing Dai; Guangyu Zhang

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46129-7

Electron/infrared-phonon coupling in ABC trilayer graphene

Nat Commun. 2024 Feb 29;15(1):1888. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46129-7.

Authors

Xiaozhou Zan^#^{1

2}, Xiangdong Guo^#^{3

4}, Aolin Deng⁵, Zhiheng Huang^{1

2}, Le Liu^{1

2}, Fanfan Wu^{1

2}, Yalong Yuan^{1

2}, Jiaojiao Zhao^{1

2}, Yalin Peng^{1

2}, Lu Li^{1

2}, Yangkun Zhang^{1

2}, Xiuzhen Li^{1

2}, Jundong Zhu^{1

2}, Jingwei Dong^{1

2}, Dongxia Shi^{1

2

6}, Wei Yang^{1

2

6}, Xiaoxia Yang^{3

4}, Zhiwen Shi⁵, Luojun Du^{7

8}, Qing Dai^{9

10}, Guangyu Zhang^{11

12

13}

Affiliations

¹ Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
² School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
³ CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China.
⁴ Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
⁶ Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
⁷ Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China. luojun.du@iphy.ac.cn.
⁸ School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China. luojun.du@iphy.ac.cn.
⁹ CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China. daiq@nanoctr.cn.
¹⁰ Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China. daiq@nanoctr.cn.
¹¹ Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China. gyzhang@iphy.ac.cn.
¹² School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China. gyzhang@iphy.ac.cn.
¹³ Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China. gyzhang@iphy.ac.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Stacking order plays a crucial role in determining the crystal symmetry and has significant impacts on electronic, optical, magnetic, and topological properties. Electron-phonon coupling, which is central to a wide range of intriguing quantum phenomena, is expected to be intricately connected with stacking order. Understanding the stacking order-dependent electron-phonon coupling is essential for understanding peculiar physical phenomena associated with electron-phonon coupling, such as superconductivity and charge density waves. In this study, we investigate the effect of stacking order on electron-infrared phonon coupling in graphene trilayers. By using gate-tunable Raman spectroscopy and excitation frequency-dependent near-field infrared nanoscopy, we show that rhombohedral ABC-stacked trilayer graphene has a significant electron-infrared phonon coupling strength. Our findings provide novel insights into the superconductivity and other fundamental physical properties of rhombohedral ABC-stacked trilayer graphene, and can enable nondestructive and high-throughput imaging of trilayer graphene stacking order using Raman scattering.