Purpose: Preeclampsia is a major cause of health problems for both pregnant women and unborn babies worldwide. However, the underlying causes of preeclampsia are not fully understood, leading to limited effective treatments. The goal of this study is to enhance our knowledge of its causes, devise prevention strategies, and develop treatments.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature search. Six models regarding the pathogenesis of preeclampsia are discussed in this review.
Results: This review focuses on the latest advancements in understanding preeclampsia's origins. Preeclampsia is a complex condition caused by various factors, processes, and pathways. Reduced blood flow and oxygen to the uterus and placenta, heightened inflammatory reactions, immune imbalances, altered genetic changes, imbalanced blood vessel growth factors, and disrupted gut bacteria may contribute to its development.
Conclusion: Preeclampsia is thought to result from the interplay of these factors.
Keywords: Angiogenesis; Epigenetic regulation; Gut microbiota; Preeclampsia; Uteroplacental hypoxia.
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.