[Anterior orbital ischemia secondary to type 1 cryoglobulinemia: A case report and literature review]

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 cryoglobulinemia is characterized by a large number of clinical signs. The lack of specificity of these signs can make diagnosis difficult. Ocular manifestations are rarely described across medical literature. Only 15 cases of ophthalmological involvement secondary to cryoglobulinaemia have been reported.

Comment: We report the case of a 69-year-old patient with cutaneous type 1 cryoglobulinaemia. He presented with bilateral anterior segment ischemia without retinal involvement with unilateral neovascularisation. Treatment of the B lymphocyte clone with rituximab and bendamustine and plasma exchange were initiated with successfully. Two similar cases describing ischaemic damage to the iris during type 1 cryoglobulinemia have been reported in the literature.

Conclusion: Irial ischaemia should be considered as a potential in type 1 cryoglobulinaemia.

Keywords: Anterior segment ischemia; Atteinte oculaire; Cryoglobulinemia; Cryoglobulinémie; Glaucome néovasculaire; Ischémie segment antérieur; Neovascular glaucoma; Ocular involvement.