Elevated levels of citrullinated fibrinogen in patients with cancer

EJHaem. 2024 Jan 26;5(1):136-140. doi: 10.1002/jha2.825. eCollection 2024 Feb.

Abstract

Neutrophil released peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) converts arginine residues on plasma proteins into citrulline. Here, we developed an assay to quantify citrullinated fibrinogen. We employed a biotin-conjugated phenylglyoxal (biotin-phenylglyoxal (PG)) compound that selectively labels citrulline. Patient samples were derived from a multicenter prospective cohort study that aimed to identify cancer patients at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Our data show that cancer patients have higher (median 2-fold increased) citrullinated fibrinogen levels when compared to normal human plasma and a cohort of healthy donors. Our results show that citrullination of fibrinogen is a common posttranslational modification in patients with cancer.

Keywords: cancer; citrullination; coagulation; fibrinogen; thrombosis.