Wearable Sensor Based on a Tough Conductive Gel for Real-Time and Remote Human Motion Monitoring

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Mar 6;16(9):11957-11972. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c19517. Epub 2024 Feb 23.

Abstract

The usage of a conductive hydrogel in wearable sensors has been thoroughly researched recently. Nonetheless, hydrogel-based sensors cannot simultaneously have excellent mechanical property, high sensitivity, comfortable wearability, and rapid self-healing performance, which result in poor durability and reusability. Herein, a robust conductive hydrogel derived from one-pot polymerization and subsequent solvent replacement is developed as a wearable sensor. Owing to the reversible hydrogen bonds cross-linked between polymer chains and clay nanosheets, the resulting conductive hydrogel-based sensor exhibits outstanding flexibility, self-repairing, and fatigue resistance performances. The embedding of graphene oxide nanosheets offers an enhanced hydrogel network and easy release of wearable sensor from the target position through remote irradiation, while Li+ ions incorporated by solvent replacement endow the wearable sensor with low detection limit (sensing strain: 1%), high conductivity (4.3 S m-1) and sensitivity (gauge factor: 3.04), good freezing resistance, and water retention. Therefore, the fabricated wearable sensor is suitable to monitor small and large human motions on the site and remotely under subzero (-54 °C) or room temperature, indicating lots of promising applications in human-motion monitoring, information encryption and identification, and electronic skins.

Keywords: comfortable wearability; conductive hydrogels; self-healing; toughness; wearable sensors.

MeSH terms

  • Clay
  • Electric Conductivity
  • Humans
  • Hydrogels*
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Motion
  • Solvents

Substances

  • Clay
  • Hydrogels
  • Solvents