Relationship between Mental Disorders, Smoking or Alcoholism and Benign Prostate Disease

Paloma Chantada-Tirado; Venancio Chantada-Abal; José-David Cózar-Ortiz; Cristina Chantada-Tirado; José-Manuel Cózar-Olmo; Manuel Esteban-Fuertes; Andrea Alvarez-Ossorio-Rodal; Javier Flores-Fraile; Magaly-Teresa Márquez-Sánchez; Bárbara-Yolanda Padilla-Fernández; María-Fernanda Lorenzo-Gómez

doi:10.3390/clinpract14010020

Relationship between Mental Disorders, Smoking or Alcoholism and Benign Prostate Disease

Clin Pract. 2024 Feb 5;14(1):250-264. doi: 10.3390/clinpract14010020.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
² Urology Department, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
³ Psychiatry Department, Gómez Ulla Defense Central University Hospital, 28047 Madrid, Spain.
⁴ Urology Section, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain.
⁵ Urology Service, National Hospital for Paraplegics of Toledo, 45004 Toledo, Spain.
⁶ Primary Care, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
⁷ Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain.
⁸ Urology Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

Abstract

Introduction: Mental disorders, smoking, or alcoholism and benign prostate disease are highly prevalent in men.

Aims: To identify the relationship between mental disorders, smoking, or alcoholism and benign prostate disease.

Methodology: A prospective multicenter study that evaluated prostate health status in 558 men from the community. Groups: GP-men who request a prostate health examination and whose medical history includes a mental disorder, smoking, or alcoholism prior to a diagnosis of benign prostate disease; GU-men who request a prostate health examination and whose medical history includes a benign prostate disease prior to a diagnosis of mental disorder, smoking, or alcoholism.

Variables: age, body mass index (BMI), prostate specific antigen (PSA), follow-up of the mental disorder, smoking or alcoholism, time elapsed between urological diagnosis and the mental disorder, smoking or alcoholism diagnosis, status of the urological disease (cured or not cured), concomitant diseases, surgical history, and concomitant treatments. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-test, Chi2, multivariate analysis.

Results: There were no mental disorders, smoking, or alcoholism in 51.97% of men. Anxiety, smoking, major depressive disorder, pathological insomnia, psychosis, and alcoholism were identified in 19.71%, 13.26%, 5.73%, 4.30%, 2.87%, and 2.15% of individuals, respectively. Nonbacterial prostatitis (31.54%), urinary tract infection (other than prostatitis, 24.37%), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (13.98%), and prostatodynia (1.43%) were prostate diseases. Unresolved symptomatic benign prostate disease was associated with anxiety, depression, and psychosis (p = 0.002). Smoking was the disorder that men managed to eliminate most frequently. The dominant disorder in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic disease was alcoholism (p = 0.006).

Conclusions: Unresolved symptomatic benign prostatic disease is associated with anxiety, depression, and psychosis. Alcoholism is associated with a worse prognosis in the follow-up of symptomatic benign prostatic disease.

Keywords: alcoholism; mental disorders; prostatitis; smoking.

Grants and funding

The study was financed by our own investigation group, Renal Urological Multidisciplinary Research Group (GRUMUR) in the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca’s (IBSAL). This research received no external funding.