Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Dried Seeds of Xylopia aethiopica

Samba Fama Ndoye; Yoro Tine; Insa Seck; Lalla Aicha Ba; Seydou Ka; Ismaila Ciss; Abda Ba; Seynabou Sokhna; Moussa Ndao; Rokhaya Sylla Gueye; Nango Gaye; Abdoulaye Diop; Jean Costa; Julien Paolini; Matar Seck

doi:10.1155/2024/3923479

Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Dried Seeds of Xylopia aethiopica

Biochem Res Int. 2024 Feb 14:2024:3923479. doi: 10.1155/2024/3923479. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Samba Fama Ndoye^{1

2}, Yoro Tine², Insa Seck^{1

2}, Lalla Aicha Ba³, Seydou Ka², Ismaila Ciss², Abda Ba², Seynabou Sokhna², Moussa Ndao², Rokhaya Sylla Gueye², Nango Gaye², Abdoulaye Diop⁴, Jean Costa⁵, Julien Paolini⁵, Matar Seck²

Affiliations

¹ Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique (LCCO), Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Senegal.
² Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie de l'Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Senegal.
³ Université Amadou Mahtar MBOW, BP 45927 Dakar Nafa VDN, Dakar-Fann, Senegal.
⁴ Laboratoire Bactériologie-Virologie, CHU Aristide Le Dantec, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Senegal.
⁵ Université de Corse, UMR CNRS 6134 SPE, Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, Corte F-20250, France.

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from dried seeds of Xylopia aethiopica. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The essential oil yield was 1.35%. Forty-nine compounds were identified in the essential oil with 1,8-cineole (16.3%), β-pinene (14.8%), trans-pinocarveol (9.1%), myrtenol (8.3%), α-pinene (5.9%), and terpinen-4-ol (5.6%) as major components. The antimicrobial activity of this essential oil was studied using disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods on four bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one fungus (Candida albicans). The essential oil exhibited excellent activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis, and C. albicans and moderate activity against E. coli. Among all strains tested, C. albicans showed the best sensitivity with a MIC of 50 mg/mL. The antioxidant activity was examined using a DPPH-free radical scavenging assay. The essential oil of X. aethiopica showed low antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 784.604 ± 0.320 mg/mL) compared to that of ascorbic acid and the reference compound (IC₅₀ = 0.163 ± 0.003 mg/mL). The results indicate that consumption of X. aethiopica seeds can reduce the virulence of food-borne pathogens and their resistance to antibiotics.