Diabetes Mellitus and Thyroid Cancers: Risky Correlation, Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Prevention

Rongqian Wu; Junping Zhang; Guilin Zou; Shanshan Li; Jinying Wang; Xiaoxinlei Li; Jixiong Xu

doi:10.2147/DMSO.S450321

Diabetes Mellitus and Thyroid Cancers: Risky Correlation, Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Prevention

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024 Feb 16:17:809-823. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S450321. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Rongqian Wu^{1

2

3}, Junping Zhang^{1

2

3}, Guilin Zou^{1

2

3}, Shanshan Li¹, Jinying Wang¹, Xiaoxinlei Li¹, Jixiong Xu^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
² Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
³ Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.

Abstract

The incidences of thyroid cancer and diabetes are rapidly increasing worldwide. The relationship between thyroid cancer and diabetes is a popular topic in medicine. Increasing evidence has shown that diabetes increases the risk of thyroid cancer to a certain extent. This mechanism may be related to genetic factors, abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion, oxidative stress injury, hyperinsulinemia, elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 levels, abnormal secretion of adipocytokines, and increased secretion of inflammatory factors and chemokines. This article reviews the latest research progress on the relationship between thyroid cancer and diabetes, including the association between diabetes and the risk of developing thyroid cancer, its underlying mechanisms, and potential anti-thyroid cancer effects of hypoglycemic drugs. It providing novel strategies for the prevention, treatment, and improving the prognosis of thyroid cancer.

Keywords: diabetes; hypoglycemic drugs; thyroid cancer; underlying mechanisms.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20224ACB206010), Clinical Medical Research Center Programs of JiangXi Province (grant number 20221ZDG02011 and 2020BCG74001).