Silver nanoparticles biogenically synthesised using Maclurodendron porteri extract and their bioactivities

Nadhirah Badrillah; Deny Susanti; Tengku Karmila Tengku Mohd Kamil; Greesty Finotory Swandiny; Yuli Widyastuti; Erizal Zaini; Muhammad Taher

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25454

Silver nanoparticles biogenically synthesised using Maclurodendron porteri extract and their bioactivities

Heliyon. 2024 Feb 12;10(4):e25454. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25454. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.

Authors

Nadhirah Badrillah¹, Deny Susanti^{2

3}, Tengku Karmila Tengku Mohd Kamil⁴, Greesty Finotory Swandiny³, Yuli Widyastuti⁵, Erizal Zaini⁶, Muhammad Taher^{1

3

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
³ Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Srengseng Sawah, 12630, Jakarta, Indonesia.
⁴ Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
⁵ Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Lawu 11, 10 Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java, 57792, Indonesia.
⁶ Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, 25175, Padang, Indonesia.
⁷ Pharmaceutics and Translational Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

Abstract

Silver nanoparticle is widely used in various field including medical, cosmetic, food and industrial purposes due to their unique properties in electrical conductivity, thermal, and biological activities. In the medical field, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reported to have strong antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Maclurodendron porteri (MP) extract and to evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the synthesised MP-AgNPs. Green method of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) was used to extract the leaves of M. porter. Liquid Chromatography -Mass Spectrometry/Quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-MS/QTOF) was used to identify the compounds in the leaf extract of M. porteri. Characterisation of the synthesised nanoparticles involved ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), scanning electromagnetic microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential Analyzer and Particle Size Analyzer. The cytotoxic assay was conducted on MCF-7 and Caco-2 cell lines by MTT assay. Antimicrobial activity was tested on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria using the disc diffusion method. Based on LC-MS/QTOF analysis, 430 compounds were found. The identified major compounds consist of amino acids, polyphenols, steroids, terpenoids and heterocyclic compounds which possibly act as reducing agents. 1 mM, 5 mM and 10 mM of silver nitrate solution were mixed with the leaf extract to form silver nanoparticles. 1.2 mg/ml of MP-AgNPs were found to have antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa with inhibitory zones of 8.0 ± 0.36 mm, 8.5 ± 0.45 mm, 7.5 ± 0.36 mm, and 9.0 ± 0.40 mm respectively. MP-AgNPs showed no cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 and MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, the presence of major amine compounds such as 10,11-dihydro-10,11-dihydroxyprotriptyline and harderoporphyrin in the extract facilitated the synthesis of AgNPs and the nanoparticle showed weak bioactivities in the assay conducted.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Cytotoxic activity; Green synthesis; Maclurodendron porteri; Silver nanoparticles.