Genome-wide identification and characterization of TCP gene family in Dendrobium nobile and their role in perianth development

Xinrui Wei; Meng Yuan; Bao-Qiang Zheng; Lin Zhou; Yan Wang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1352119

Genome-wide identification and characterization of TCP gene family in Dendrobium nobile and their role in perianth development

Front Plant Sci. 2024 Feb 5:15:1352119. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1352119. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Xinrui Wei¹, Meng Yuan¹, Bao-Qiang Zheng¹, Lin Zhou¹, Yan Wang¹

Affiliation

¹ State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding; Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.

Abstract

TCP is a widely distributed, essential plant transcription factor that regulates plant growth and development. An in-depth study of TCP genes in Dendrobium nobile, a crucial parent in genetic breeding and an excellent model material to explore perianth development in Dendrobium, has not been conducted. We identified 23 DnTCP genes unevenly distributed across 19 chromosomes and classified them as Class I PCF (12 members), Class II: CIN (10 members), and CYC/TB1 (1 member) based on the conserved domain and phylogenetic analysis. Most DnTCPs in the same subclade had similar gene and motif structures. Segmental duplication was the predominant duplication event for TCP genes, and no tandem duplication was observed. Seven genes in the CIN subclade had potential miR319 and -159 target sites. Cis-acting element analysis showed that most DnTCP genes contained many developmental stress-, light-, and phytohormone-responsive elements in their promoter regions. Distinct expression patterns were observed among the 23 DnTCP genes, suggesting that these genes have diverse regulatory roles at different stages of perianth development or in different organs. For instance, DnTCP4 and DnTCP18 play a role in early perianth development, and DnTCP5 and DnTCP10 are significantly expressed during late perianth development. DnTCP17, 20, 21, and 22 are the most likely to be involved in perianth and leaf development. DnTCP11 was significantly expressed in the gynandrium. Specially, MADS-specific binding sites were present in most DnTCP genes putative promoters, and two Class I DnTCPs were in the nucleus and interacted with each other or with the MADS-box. The interactions between TCP and the MADS-box have been described for the first time in orchids, which broadens our understanding of the regulatory network of TCP involved in perianth development in orchids.

Keywords: Dendrobium nobile; TCP gene family; expression pattern; perianth development; protein interaction.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by The Special Fund of Chinese Central Government for Basic Scientific Research Operations in Commonweal Research Institutes (Grant No. CAFYBB2019ZB001).