Comparison of vergence mechanisms between university students with good and poor sleep quality

Abstract

Aim: To compare the vergence mechanisms between good and poor sleepers in university students.

Methods: A total of 64 university students were recruited in this study. The validated Malay version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI-M) was used to measure the participants' sleep quality over the past month. Participants were categorized as good sleepers (n=32) and poor sleepers (n=32) based on the PSQI-M scores. Heterophoria and fusional vergences were measured at distance and near. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare heterophoria, negative fusional vergence (NFV), and positive fusional vergence (PFV) at distance and near between good and poor sleepers. Spearman correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between PSQI-M score and PFV at distance.

Results: Both distance and near heterophorias were not significantly different between good and poor sleepers (P>0.05). There was a difference in distance PFV (P<0.05) between good and poor sleepers, but not in distance NFV, near NFV, and near PFV (P>0.05). Distance PFV was negatively correlated with PSQI-M score (r_s=-0.33, P<0.05).

Conclusion: University students with poor sleep quality demonstrates a reduced ability to maintain fusion with increasing convergence demand at distance. Sleep quality assessment during binocular vision examination in university students is recommended.

Keywords: binocular vision; sleep quality; university students; vergence.