Evaluation and comparison of antibacterial efficacy of different concentrations of Chhattisgarh herbal product- Terminalia chebula fruit extract in opposition to Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study

Shivani Deepak Doye; Manjunath Malur; Yogesh Sahu; Ankita Singh; Praveen Mishra; Roshan Noor Mohamed; Mohmed Isaqali Karobari

doi:10.1002/fsn3.3814

Evaluation and comparison of antibacterial efficacy of different concentrations of Chhattisgarh herbal product- Terminalia chebula fruit extract in opposition to Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study

Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Nov 29;12(2):1006-1011. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3814. eCollection 2024 Feb.

Authors

Shivani Deepak Doye¹, Manjunath Malur¹, Yogesh Sahu¹, Ankita Singh¹, Praveen Mishra¹, Roshan Noor Mohamed², Mohmed Isaqali Karobari^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre Anjora, Durg Chhattisgarh India.
² Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Puthisastra Phnom Penh Cambodia.
⁴ Dental Research Unit, Center for Global Health Research Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University Chennai Tamil Nadu India.

Abstract

Due to the low cost, natural origin, higher safety margins, and little to negligible adverse effects of herbal medications, the use of plants and plant derivatives in medicine is becoming increasingly widespread. Terminalia chebula is among the most significant medicinal plants in ayurvedic, siddha, unani, and homeopathic remedies. It is ranked first in Ayurvedic material medicine. T. chebula has been shown to have established effects against various bacterial and fungal infections, including dental caries pathogens. In recent years, there has been a rise in interest in dentistry and medicine related to Enterococcus faecalis. The research aimed to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of different concentrations of T. chebula ethanolic fruit extract (10%, 40%, and 100%) in opposition to E. faecalis and compare it with 2% chlorhexidine. For the study, T. chebula ethanolic fruit extracts were obtained and prepared with Group I: -10% concentration, Group II: -40% concentration, Group III: -100% concentration, and Group IV: -2% chlorhexidine. Colonies of E. faecalis were cultivated in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth at 37°C and were inoculated in 16 BHI agar plates. Then, on the petri dishes, four wells were created (8 mm diameter) using a metal borer. The Agar well diffusion method was used to examine the antibacterial activity, and the zones of inhibition around the wells were noted. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests. The result shows that as the concentration increases, there is an increase in the efficacy of the antibacterial property of the extract before it reaches the saturation point. The decreasing order of antibacterial was chlorhexidine >100% T. chebula >40% T. chebula >10% T. chebula. The production of contemporary pharmaceuticals from T. chebula was addressed, as the global scenario is currently evolving toward using nontoxic plant products with traditional medicinal benefits.

Keywords: Enterococcus faecalis; Terminalia chebula extract; antibacterial activity; dental; endodontics; herbal product.