Recent Advances of carbon Pathways for Sustainable Environment development

K S Aryamol; Kuppusamy Kanagaraj; Senthilkumar Nangan; Jozef T Haponiuk; Manunya Okhawilai; Saravanan Pandiaraj; Muhammad Bilal Hanif; Abdullah N Alodhayb; Sabu Thomas; Natesan Thirumalaivasan; Sreeraj Gopi

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.118513

Recent Advances of carbon Pathways for Sustainable Environment development

Environ Res. 2024 Feb 17:250:118513. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118513. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills, Athirampuzha, Kerala, India, 686560.
² Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
³ Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
⁴ Polymers Technology Department, Gdansk University of Technology Building Chemia C, Room 201, Poland.
⁵ Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
⁶ Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁸ Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills, Athirampuzha, Kerala, India, 686560; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box, 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: sabuthomas@mgu.ac.in.
¹⁰ Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: thirumalaivasan.nk@gmail.com.
¹¹ Polymers Technology Department, Gdansk University of Technology Building Chemia C, Room 201, Poland; Molecules Biolabs, Kinfra Industrial Estate, Koratty, Kerala, India, 680309. Electronic address: drgopisreeraj@gmail.com.

PMID: 38368918
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118513

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging type of carbon nanomaterial with strong biocompatibility, distinct chemical and physical properties, and low toxicity. CDs may emit fluorescence in the ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) range, which renders them beneficial for biomedical applications. CDs are usually made from carbon precursors and can be synthesized using top-down and bottom-up methods and it can be easily functionalized using different methods. For specific cases of biomedical applications carbon dot functionalization augments the materials' characteristics. Novel functionalization techniques are still being investigated. This review will look at the benefits of functionalization to attain a high yield and various biological applications. Biomedical applications such as photodynamic and photothermal therapy, biosensing, bioimaging, and antiviral and antibacterial properties will be covered in this review. The future applications of green synthesized carbon dots will be determined in part by this review.

Keywords: Carbon dot synthesis; Functionalization; Modification; biomedical applications.

Publication types

Review