A Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research-based process to develop theoretically-informed human papillomavirus vaccination educational materials for young adults

Abstract

Objective: To develop theory-informed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine education materials that appeal to 18-26-year-olds.

Methods: First, draft materials informed by Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Health Belief Model (HBM) were developed. Next, an initial set of Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)-guided interviews were conducted with 18-26-year-old participants to receive feedback about content, format, appeal, implementation facilitators and barriers, and potential delivery modalities. Then, interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Next, materials were modified based upon feedback. Finally, another set of interviews was conducted.

Results: Most participants (n = 15) were female (93%), White (60%), and non-Hispanic (93%). All (100%) had heard of HPV and the HPV vaccine, and 80% reported having received the vaccine. Participant feedback on materials included emphasizing vaccine benefits and efficacy, rewording to enhance comprehension, and adding images represent diversity beyond race/ethnicity and sexual orientation. Suggested delivery methods included social media, print materials, and posters.

Conclusion: Qualitative interviews with young adults suggest that HPV education materials targeted to 18-26-year-olds should include health behavior theory-aligned messaging, inclusive imagery, and be disseminated through multiple modalities.

Practice implications: Providers should consider utilizing theory-based education materials that are relevant and appealing to young adults.

Keywords: HPV vaccine; Health behavior theories; Human papillomavirus; Young adults.