1 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
2 Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
3 Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
4 Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
6 Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
7 Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, jose.carvalho@sinaihealth.ca.