α-Diimine-mediated C-H functionalization of arenes for aryl-aryl cross-coupling reactions

Org Biomol Chem. 2024 Mar 20;22(12):2389-2394. doi: 10.1039/d3ob01992f.

Abstract

Easily accessible methods for direct C-H arylation of arenes have been explored in the presence of transition metal catalysts to facilitate C-C bond formation; however, the absence of transition-metal impurities is a significant concern in the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Herein, we examine the use of bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN) as a potential single-electron transfer initiator in transition metal-free C-C bond-forming reactions. Using this approach, arenes are coupled to several aryl and heteroaryl halides. Based upon preliminary mechanistic evidence and crystallographic probation of an active initiator species, we tentatively propose a potassium-stabilized 'metal-free' radical pathway is in operation.