Incidence of prostate cancer in transgender women in the US: a large database analysis

Matthew Loria; David Gilbert; Tomasz Tabernacki; Mart Andrew Maravillas; Megan McNamara; Shubham Gupta; Kirtishri Mishra

doi:10.1038/s41391-024-00804-4

Incidence of prostate cancer in transgender women in the US: a large database analysis

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2024 Feb 7. doi: 10.1038/s41391-024-00804-4. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Matthew Loria^{1

2}, David Gilbert^{3

4}, Tomasz Tabernacki^{3

4}, Mart Andrew Maravillas³, Megan McNamara^{4

5}, Shubham Gupta³, Kirtishri Mishra^{3

4

6}

Affiliations

¹ University Hospitals, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA. mml140@case.edu.
² Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. mml140@case.edu.
³ University Hospitals, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁴ Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁵ Louis Stokes Veterans Association Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁶ Metro Health Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA.

PMID: 38326392
DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00804-4

Abstract

The risk of prostate cancer among transgender women undergoing medical and surgical gender-affirming interventions remains unclear, though up to a fivefold decreased risk has been reported in comparison to cisgender men. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the risk of prostate cancer among transgender women (TW) using data from TriNetX, a large database, versus SEER. Our findings indicate that, overall, transgender women exhibited a 2.56-fold lower risk of prostate cancer compared to cisgender men. Specifically, among TW on hormone therapy between ages 50-64, we observed a 2.06-fold decrease in risk. Contrary to the previous perception of prostate cancer being rare in transgender women, our study suggests that it may not be as uncommon as previously believed.