The Usefulness of High-Magnification Loupe for Reducing Biliary Complications After Liver Transplantation

Transplant Proc. 2024 Apr;56(3):647-652. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.01.037. Epub 2024 Feb 5.

Abstract

Background: Despite advances in surgical techniques, biliary complications are still considered to be a technical "Achilles' heel" of liver transplantation (LT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of loupe magnification in reducing biliary complications after LT.

Materials and methods: From April 2017 to February 2022, LT was performed on 307 patients in our center. Among them, except for 3 patients who underwent hepaticojejunostomy, 304 adult patients with LT were enrolled. They were divided into 3 groups according to the loupe magnification: 2.5 times (×2.5 group, n = 105), 3.5 times (×3.5 group, n = 95), and 5.0 times (×5.0 group, n = 105).

Results: Biliary complications occurred in 63 (20.7%) patients. Anastomosis site leakage occurred in 37 patients (12.2%), and stricture occurred in 52 patients (17.1%). Anastomosis site leakage occurred in 15 patients (14.3%) in the ×2.5 group, 15 patients (16.0%) in the ×3.5 group, and 7 patients (6.7%) in the ×5.0 group (P = .097). Biliary stricture occurred in 26 patients (24.8%) in the ×2.5 group, 15 patients (16.0%) in the ×3.5 group, and 11 patients (10.5%) in the ×5.0 group (P = .021). Total biliary complications occurred in 31 patients (29.5%) in the ×2.5 group, 19 patients in the ×3.5 group (20.2%), and 13 patients in the ×5.0 group (12.4%) (P = .009).

Conclusion: The use of a high magnification loupe can reduce biliary complications in liver transplantation. Further large-scale analyses of clinical data or randomized controlled trials are required to support this study.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anastomosis, Surgical
  • Anastomotic Leak / etiology
  • Anastomotic Leak / prevention & control
  • Biliary Tract Diseases / etiology
  • Biliary Tract Diseases / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Retrospective Studies