Evaluation of Physical Properties of Coated Polydioxanone Threads

Abstract

Background: Using a thread for wound closure promotes healing and minimizes contamination by foreign substances. Threads have also been employed in esthetic surgery; however, functional threads that can improve wrinkles and rejuvenate the skin are required.

Objective: To evaluate the suitability of polydioxanone threads coated with polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and amino acids for use in the medical field because such formulations are expected to promote regeneration and collagen synthesis.

Materials and methods: Physical properties (diameter [ n = 20], tensile strength [ n = 20], strength retention rate [ n = 10], and scanning electron microscopy images) and cytotoxicity (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays) of polydioxanone threads coated with polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and amino acids were assessed and compared with those of uncoated polydioxanone threads. Analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Statistical significance; p values <.05).

Results: The size standards for tensile strength (≥63.5 N) and diameter (average 0.570-0.610 mm) were met. There were no differences in the physical properties of the coated and uncoated threads; however, the biocompatibility of coated threads was high owing to low cytotoxicity.

Conclusion: Threads coated with materials that can promote regeneration are suitable for use in the medical field.