Biofilm-Inhibitory Activity of Wild Mushroom Extracts against Pathogenic Bacteria

Gebreselema Gebreyohannes; Desta Berhe Sbhatu; Andrew Kimang'a Nyerere; Abrha Gebreselema Gebrehiwot

doi:10.1155/2024/7011982

Biofilm-Inhibitory Activity of Wild Mushroom Extracts against Pathogenic Bacteria

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2024 Jan 29:2024:7011982. doi: 10.1155/2024/7011982. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Gebreselema Gebreyohannes¹, Desta Berhe Sbhatu¹, Andrew Kimang'a Nyerere², Abrha Gebreselema Gebrehiwot³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Mekele, Ethiopia.
² Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
³ Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekele, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the bacterial biofilm-inhibitory effect of mushroom extracts.

Methods: Mushrooms were collected from Arabuko-Sokoke and Kakamega forests and identified using morphological and molecular approaches. Auricularia auricula-judae, Microporus xanthopus, Termitomyces umkowaani, Trametes elegans, and Trametes versicolor were extracted by chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water. Extracts were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923). Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.0.

Results: Chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water extracts of A. auricula-judae (50 μg/mL) showed statistically significant antibiofilm activities against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus (p ≤ 0.05). M. xanthopus extracts (250 μg/mL) revealed significantly significant antibiofilm activities against each test bacterium (p ≤ 0.05). All extracts of T. umkowaani (250 μg/mL) exhibited statistically significant antibiofilm activities against S. aureus only (p ≤ 0.05). Chloroform extract of T. elegans (250 μg/mL) showed the best antibiofilm activity (69.75 ± 0.01%) against S. aureus. All T. versicolor extracts (250 μg/mL) indicated the best antibiofilm activities against S. aureus.

Conclusions: Being the first study of its kind to be conducted in Kenya, it added a novel concept to the body of knowledge already known about medical biotechnology research. It offers a fresh understanding of the various varieties of mushrooms found in Kenya, their potential biological function in the production of drugs, particularly those that combat drug resistance, and perhaps even a peek at their bioactive elements. Wild mushrooms, a hidden gem, might help to reopen the pipeline of new antibiotics that have been on the decline. However, further research is required to determine the potential mechanism(s) of action of the extracts that are in charge of the apparent antibiofilm activity.