The ophthalmologist's guide to evaluating the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
• ² Department Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
• ³ Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
• ⁴ Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, UK.
• ⁵ Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
• ⁶ Retina Consultants of Texas (Retina Consultants of America), Houston, TX, USA.
• ⁷ Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
• ⁸ Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
• ⁹ National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
• ¹⁰ Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
• ¹¹ Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
• ¹² Department Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. vchaudh@mcmaster.ca.
• ¹³ Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. vchaudh@mcmaster.ca.