Time-dependent hormesis transfer from five high-frequency personal care product components to mixtures

Rujun Cheng; Peng Huang; Ting-Ting Ding; Zhong-Wei Gu; Meng-Ting Tao; Shu-Shen Liu

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.118418

Time-dependent hormesis transfer from five high-frequency personal care product components to mixtures

Environ Res. 2024 May 1:248:118418. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118418. Epub 2024 Feb 3.

Authors

Rujun Cheng¹, Peng Huang², Ting-Ting Ding¹, Zhong-Wei Gu², Meng-Ting Tao¹, Shu-Shen Liu³

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
² Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address: ssliuhl@263.net.

PMID: 38316386
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118418

Abstract

There is potential for personal care products (PCPs) components and mixtures to induce hormesis. How hormesis is related to time and transmitted from components to mixtures are not clear. In this paper, we conducted determination of components in 16 PCP products and then ran frequent itemset mining on the component data. Five high-frequency components (HFCs), betaine (BET), 1,3-butanediol (BUT), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA), glycerol (GLO), and phenoxyethanol (POE), and 14 mixtures were identified. For each mixture system, one mixture ray with the actual mixture ratios in the products was selected. Time-dependent microplate toxicity analysis was used to test the luminescence inhibition toxicity of five HFCs and 14 mixture rays to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 at 12 concentration gradients and eight exposure times. It is showed that BET, EDTA, POE, and 13 mixture rays containing at least one J-type component showed time-dependent hormesis. Characteristic parameters used to describe hormesis revealed that the absolute value of the maximum stimulatory effect (|E_min|) generally increased with time. Notably, mixtures composed of POE and S-type components showed greater |E_min| than POE alone at the same time. Importantly, the maximum stimulatory effective concentration, NOEC/the zero effective concentration point, and EC₅₀ remained relatively stable. Nine hormesis transmission phenomena were observed in different mixture rays. While all mixtures primarily exhibited additive action, varying degrees of synergism and antagonism were noted in binary mixtures, with no strong synergism or antagonism observed in ternary and quaternary mixtures. These findings offer valuable insights for the screening of HFCs and their mixtures, as well as the study of hormesis transmission in personal care products.

Keywords: Actual mixture ratio; Characteristic parameters; High-frequency components; Hormesis transmission; Time-dependent.

MeSH terms

Cosmetics*
Edetic Acid
Hormesis
Vibrio*

Substances

Edetic Acid
Cosmetics