Revealing the spatiotemporal patterns of water vapor and its link to North Atlantic Oscillation over Greenland using GPS and ERA5 data

Yang Liu; Bao Zhang; Yibin Yao; Qingzhi Zhao; Chaoqian Xu; Xiao Yan; Liang Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170596

Revealing the spatiotemporal patterns of water vapor and its link to North Atlantic Oscillation over Greenland using GPS and ERA5 data

Sci Total Environ. 2024 Mar 25:918:170596. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170596. Epub 2024 Feb 1.

Authors

Yang Liu¹, Bao Zhang², Yibin Yao³, Qingzhi Zhao⁴, Chaoqian Xu¹, Xiao Yan⁵, Liang Zhang¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
² School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China. Electronic address: sggzb@whu.edu.cn.
³ School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China.
⁴ College of Geomatics, Xi'a University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.
⁵ Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan 430079, China; State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.

PMID: 38307279
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170596

Abstract

Precipitation plays an important role in the interannual mass variations of Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) and is highly influenced by atmospheric circulation change. The relationship between precipitation and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been revealed by many studies, but the role of water vapor transportation in the NAO-precipitation relationship was rarely investigated. Therefore, to fill the knowledge gap of how water vapor changes and responds to NAO in space and time, we applied Multichannel Singular Spectral Analysis (MSSA) to the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (ERA5) Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) data to extract the interannual PWV signals in Greenland. Results show that the interannual PWV signals overall increased in 2008-2011, decreased in 2011-2015, and increased in 2015-2021. The amplitudes of the interannual signals derived from both the GPS PWV and ERA5 basin-averaged PWV exhibited an overall southwest-northeast decreasing gradient. We also found anticorrelation between the interannual PWV signals and the NAO signal over Greenland but the correlation coefficients are not statistically significant, and the correlation coefficients in most cases were less than -0.65, indicating that positive (negative) NAO phase decreased (increased) the water vapor content. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) results illustrated that the interannual signals derived from both the GPS site-dependent and the ERA5 basin-averaged PWV had similar dominant frequencies to that of the NAO signal, reinforcing their correlations. This study reveals the spatiotemporal pattern of the interannual water vapor and its linkage to the NAO, providing a new perspective for understanding the climate change on Greenland.

Keywords: Greenland; North Atlantic Oscillation; Precipitable water vapor.