Silica-based silver nanocomposite 80S/Ag as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans inhibitor and its in vitro bioactivity

Jung-Chang Kung; Tsung-Ying Yang; Chun-Cheng Hung; Chi-Jen Shih

doi:10.1016/j.jds.2023.10.014

Silica-based silver nanocomposite 80S/Ag as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans inhibitor and its in vitro bioactivity

J Dent Sci. 2024 Jan;19(1):568-579. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.10.014. Epub 2023 Oct 25.

Authors

Jung-Chang Kung^{1

2

3

4}, Tsung-Ying Yang^{5

6

7

8}, Chun-Cheng Hung^{1

9}, Chi-Jen Shih^{4

10

11}

Affiliations

¹ School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
² Department of Clinical Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
³ Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁴ Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁶ Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Future Innovation Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸ School of Education, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁹ Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
¹⁰ Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
¹¹ Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Abstract

Background/purpose: As a commonly-found pathogen in periodontal disease, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been reported with several antibiotic resistance. Thus, to develop an alternative and protective therapy for A. actinomycetemcomitans infections is urgently needed in dentistry. In this study, we sought to synthesize a silica-based material to deliver silver nanoparticles for antibacterial purposes. Also, the bioactivities were examined via analyzing the formation of hydroxyapatite.

Materials and methods: The 80S/Ag powders were prepared by the evaporation-induced self-assembly method, with Si, Ca, P, and Ag composition ratios of 80, 15, 5, and 1/5/10 (mole percentage), respectively. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, transmission electron microscope, selected area electron diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted for textural analyses. The disk diffusion test was carried out against A. actinomycetemcomitans strain ATCC 29523. In vitro bioactivity assessment involved soaking 80S/Ag membrane powders in acellular simulated body fluid.

Results: We successfully developed a material consisting of Si, Ca, P, and Ag, namely the 80S/Ag. In the antibacterial testing, the 80S/Ag demonstrated antibacterial activity against the commonly-found oral pathogen, A. actinomycetemcomitans, with a long-lasting effect for 168h. The formation of hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid highlighted the characteristic of dentine remineralization for the 80S/Ag. The increased pH values after immersion in simulated body fluid would help neutralize the acidic oral environment.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that 80S/Ag possesses remarkable antibacterial properties, hydroxyapatite formation, and increased pH values after immersion in simulated body fluid, supporting the potential therapeutic application of 80S/Ag for treating periodontal disease.

Keywords: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Periodontitis; Silica-based silver nanocomposite; Silver.