Healing traumatic wounds is arduous, leaving miscellaneous demands for ideal wound dressings, such as rapid hemostasis, superior wet tissue adhesion, strong mechanical properties, and excellent antibacterial activity. Herein, we report a self-gelling, wet adhesive, stretchable (polyethylenimine/poly(dimethylammonium chloride)/(poly(acrylic acid)/poly(sodium styrenesulfonate)/alkylated chitosan)) ((PEI/PDDA)/(PAA/PSS)/ACS) powder as a new option. The self-gel utilizes noncovalent interactions among in situ formed PDDA/PSS nanoparticles and PEI/PAA polymetric matrices to earn sensational mechanical properties and tensile strength while incorporating ACS to obtain fast hemostasis and therapeutic capacities. The powder can form a hydrogel patch in situ within 3 s upon liquid absorption, capable of resisting pressure higher than twice the blood pressure. Deposition of the self-gelling powders on various wounds, such as rat liver and femoral artery wounds, can stop bleeding in 10 s and lessen the amount of bleeding 6-fold plus in corresponding models. Furthermore, the self-gelling powders can significantly advance the chronic wound healing process by displaying a high wound healing rate and a low inflammatory response and promoting the formation of new blood vessels and tissue regeneration. The satisfactory mechanical properties, strong wet adhesion, sufficient antibacterial properties, ease of usage, adaptability to complex wounds, rapid hemostasis, and superior therapeutic capacities of (PEI/PDDA)/(PAA/PSS)/ACS self-gelling powders render them as a profound wound dressing biomaterial.
Keywords: hemostasis; hydrogel powder; nanoparticle-reinforced polymer complex; self-gelation; wound healing.