Adsorptive removal of heavy metals from wastewater using Cobalt-diphenylamine (Co-DPA) complex

Mesfin Yimer; Shagufi Naz Ansari; Biniyam Abdu Berehe; Krishna Kanthi Gudimella; Gangaraju Gedda; Wubshet Mekonnen Girma; Nazim Hasan; Shadma Tasneem

doi:10.1186/s13065-024-01128-z

Adsorptive removal of heavy metals from wastewater using Cobalt-diphenylamine (Co-DPA) complex

BMC Chem. 2024 Jan 29;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13065-024-01128-z.

Authors

Mesfin Yimer¹, Shagufi Naz Ansari², Biniyam Abdu Berehe¹, Krishna Kanthi Gudimella³, Gangaraju Gedda^{4

5}, Wubshet Mekonnen Girma⁶, Nazim Hasan⁷, Shadma Tasneem⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box:1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
² Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India.
³ Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Rudraram, Telangana, 502329, India.
⁴ Central Research Laboratory, K S Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India. raju.analy@gmail.com.
⁵ Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea. raju.analy@gmail.com.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box:1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. wubshet.mekonnen@wu.edu.et.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Heavy metals like Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium are the pollutants emitted into the environment through industrial development. In this work, a new diphenylamine coordinated cobalt complex (Co-DPA) has been synthesized and tested for its efficiency in removing heavy metals from wastewater, and its adsorption capacity was investigated. The effectiveness of heavy metals removal by Co-DPA was evaluated by adjusting the adsorption parameters, such as adsorbent dose, pH, initial metals concentration, and adsorption period. Heavy metal concentrations in real sample were 0.267, 0.075, and 0.125 mg/L for Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Cr³⁺ before using as-synthesized Co-DPA to treat wastewater. After being treated with synthesized Co-DPA the concentration of heavy metals was reduced to 0.0129, 0.00028, 0.00054 mg/L for Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Cr³⁺, respectively, in 80 min. The removal efficiency was 95.6%, 99.5%, and 99.5% for the respective metals. The adsorption process fitted satisfactorily with Freundlich isotherm with R²(0.999, 0.997, 0.995) for Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Cr³⁺, respectively. The kinetic data obeyed the pseudo-second order for Cd²⁺ and Cr²⁺ and the pseudo-first order for Pb²⁺. Based on the results obtained within the framework of this study, it is concluded that the as-synthesized Co-DPA is a good adsorbent to eliminate heavy metal ions like Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Cr³⁺from wastewater solution. In general, Co-DPA is a promising new material for the removal of heavy metal ions from water.

Keywords: Adsorption; Cu-DPA; Freundlich isotherm; Real sample; Wastewater.