The ins and outs of lipoprotein(a) assay methods

Maryam Heydari; Majid Rezayi; Massimiliano Ruscica; Tannaz Jpamialahamdi; Thomas P Johnston; Amirhossein Sahebkar

doi:10.5114/amsad/176653

The ins and outs of lipoprotein(a) assay methods

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis. 2023 Dec 30:8:e128-e139. doi: 10.5114/amsad/176653. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Maryam Heydari¹, Majid Rezayi^{1

2

3}, Massimiliano Ruscica⁴, Tannaz Jpamialahamdi⁵, Thomas P Johnston⁶, Amirhossein Sahebkar^{5

7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
² Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
³ Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁴ Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁶ Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MI, USA.
⁷ Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁸ School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Pathophysiological, epidemiological and genetic studies convincingly showed lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) to be a causal mediator of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This happens through a myriad of mechanisms including activation of innate immune cells, endothelial cells as well as platelets. Although these certainties whether or not Lp(a) is ready for prime-time clinical use remain debated. Thus, remit of the present review is to provide an overview of different methods that have been employed for the measurement of Lp(a). The methods include dynamic light scattering, multi-angle light scattering analysis, near-field imaging, sedimentation, gel filtration, and electron microscopy. The development of multiple Lp(a) detection methods is vital for improved prediction of ASCVD risk.

Keywords: ASCVD; Lp(a); apo(a); apo(a) size evaluation; lipoprotein (a).