Construction of hierarchical NiCo2 S4 /2D-Carbyne nanohybrid onto nickel foam for high performance supercapacitor and non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor applications

Abstract

Synthesising and designing pseudocapacitive material with good electrochemical and electrocatalytic behaviour is essential to use as supercapacitor as well as non-enzymatic glucose sensor electrode. In this work, NiCo₂ S₄ nanoparticles decorated onto the 2D-Carbyne nanosheets are achieved by the solvothermal process. The as-prepared NiCo₂ S₄ @2D-Carbyne provides rich reaction sites and better diffusion pathways. On usage as an electrode for supercapacitor application, the NiCo₂ S₄ @2D-Carbyne exhibits the specific capacitance of about 2507 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1 . In addition, the fabricated hybrid device generates an energy density of 52.2 Wh kg^-1 at a power density of 1.01 kW kg^-1 . Besides, the glucose oxidation behaviour of NiCo₂ S₄ @2D-Carbyne modified GCE has also been performed. The diffusion of glucose from the electrolyte to the electrode obeys the kinetic control process. Furthermore, the fabricated NiCo₂ S₄ @2D-Carbyne non-enzymatic glucose sensor exhibits a limit of detection of about 34.5 μM with a sensitivity of about 135 μA mM^-1 cm^-2 . These findings highlight the need to design and synthesis electrode materials with adequate electrolyte-electrode contact, strong structural integrity, and rapid ion/electron transport.

Keywords: Glucose sensor; Hybrid supercapacitor; Nanohybrid material; NiCo2S4, 2D-Carbyne; Solvothermal process.