Association between dietary antioxidant levels and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a mediation analysis of inflammatory factors

Ziyi Liu; Jiyuan Li; Tuotuo Chen; Xue Zhao; Qing Chen; Lihua Xiao; Zhenyu Peng; Hongliang Zhang

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1310399

Association between dietary antioxidant levels and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a mediation analysis of inflammatory factors

Front Immunol. 2024 Jan 8:14:1310399. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1310399. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Ziyi Liu^{1

2}, Jiyuan Li³, Tuotuo Chen^{1

2}, Xue Zhao⁴, Qing Chen^{1

2}, Lihua Xiao^{1

2}, Zhenyu Peng^{1

2}, Hongliang Zhang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
² Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China.
³ Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
⁴ College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.

Abstract

Introduction: The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is strongly associated with oxidative stress, but it is unclear whether increasing dietary antioxidant intake reduces the risk of COPD. Therefore, this study assessed the association between antioxidant intake and COPD in US adults aged ≥ 40 years and further examined the correlation using the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI).

Methods: The study included 8,257 US adults aged ≥ 40 years using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for three cycles from 2007-2012. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate the correlation between antioxidant intake and CDAI with COPD. Restricted cubic spline was further used to explore the exposure-response relationship. Mediation analysis was used to explore the role of inflammatory factors in the association between CDAI and COPD.

Results: This study included 8257 participants (4111 women [weighted, 50.7%]; mean [SD] age, 58.8 [11.2] years). In a multivariable-adjusted model of single antioxidant intake, a linear downward association between carotenoid intake and the incidence of COPD (P for trend = 0.052; Pnon- linear = 0.961). In a multivariable adjusted model for CDAI, this association is similarly present (P for trend = 0.018; Pnon-linear = 0.360). Multiple linear regression modeling showed that leukocytes (P = 0.002), alkaline phosphatase (P< 0.001), and c-reactive protein (P< 0.001) were negatively associated with CDAI levels. Meanwhile, mediation analysis revealed that alkaline phosphatase and c-reactive protein partially influenced the association between CDAI and COPD prevalence, with mediation ratios of 6.4% (P< 0.01) and 4.68% (P = 0.04), respectively.

Conclusion: The risk of COPD decreased with increased carotenoid intake and CDAI. In addition, CDAI has been found to be strongly associated with inflammatory factors and can reduce the incidence of COPD by mediating inflammatory factors.

Keywords: antioxidant; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; diet; inflammatory factor; national health and nutrition examination survey.

Publication types

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Adult
Alkaline Phosphatase
Antioxidants*
C-Reactive Protein
Carotenoids
Coloring Agents
Female
Humans
Mediation Analysis
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* / epidemiology

Substances

Antioxidants
Alkaline Phosphatase
C-Reactive Protein
Carotenoids
Coloring Agents

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the research program of Changsha Natural Science Foundation (num: kq2208331) and Health Commission of Hunan Province Scientific Research Program Projects (num: 202210002651).