A systematic literature review on factors of socio-environmental vulnerability associated with water-borne diseases

J Infect Dev Ctries. 2023 Dec 31;17(12):1658-1666. doi: 10.3855/jidc.18210.

Abstract

Introduction: Diarrhoeas, acute gastroenteritis with moderate dehydration, malaria and cholera are water-borne diseases with a high incidence in childhood and are one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of 5 years, and predominantly so in developing countries. Various factors influence the population's vulnerability to these diseases. The objective of this work was to identify the factors of socio-environmental vulnerability associated with the occurrence of water-borne diseases (diarrhoeas, acute gastroenteritis with moderate dehydration, malaria and cholera).

Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was performed, with the databases PubMed, Scopus, B-On and Scielo to identify studies published between 2010 and 2021.

Results and conclusions: The results showed that the most significant factors related to vulnerability to water-borne diseases have to do with sanitation and the availability of clean drinking water; however, temperature and precipitation were also found to exert considerable influence, together with the demographic factor.

Keywords: cholera; diarrhoea; gastroenteritis; malaria; socio-environmental vulnerability; water-borne diseases.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cholera* / epidemiology
  • Dehydration / epidemiology
  • Diarrhea / epidemiology
  • Gastroenteritis* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Malaria*
  • Water

Substances

  • Water