Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10 Alleviates the Immunosuppressive Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infection

Toxins (Basel). 2023 Dec 27;16(1):14. doi: 10.3390/toxins16010014.

Abstract

As one of the most common mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) can contaminate a wide range of crops and foods. Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a kind of immunosuppressive virus, which can cause porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVD) in pig farms infected with PCV2. Pigs are extremely sensitive to DON, and PCV2-infected pig farms are often contaminated with DON. Our previous studies indicated that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10 (B10) has the potential to alleviate the toxicity of mycotoxins. The research was aimed at investigating the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10 on the immunosuppressive effects caused by both DON and PCV2 infection. The results indicated that the expression of the PCV2 capsid protein CAP was significantly decreased after pretreatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10. Then, the effects of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10 pretreatment on the type I interferon, antiviral protein and the antiviral signal pathway cGAS-STING was further investigated. The findings displayed that the expression of the type I interferon and antiviral protein were increased, while the IL-10 were decreased after pretreatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10. The inhibition of DON on the cGAS-STING signal pathway was relieved. Furthermore, it was found that this intervention effect was produced by inhibiting autophagy. In summary, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10 can mitigate the immunosuppressive effects of PCV2 and DON by inhibiting the production of autophagy.

Keywords: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10; autophagy; cGAS–STING; deoxynivalenol; porcine circovirus type 2.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*
  • Circovirus*
  • Crops, Agricultural
  • Interferon Type I*
  • Mycotoxins*
  • Nucleotidyltransferases
  • Swine
  • Trichothecenes*

Substances

  • deoxynivalenol
  • Interferon Type I
  • Mycotoxins
  • Nucleotidyltransferases
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Trichothecenes

Grants and funding

This research was supported by National Key R & D Program (2023YFD1802100), National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172922, 31972741), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (BK20211216, BK20221091), the startup funding of Hefei University of Technology (13020-03712022058), the China-CEEC Joint University Education Project (202010), and the Excellence project PrF UHK. 2217/2022-2023.