Green Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles, Characterization, and Their Neuroprotective Effect on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Injury in Human Neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) Cell Line

Madhugiri Gopinath Mamatha; Mohammad Azam Ansari; M Yasmin Begum; Daruka Prasad B; Adel Al Fatease; Umme Hani; Mohammad N Alomary; Sumreen Sultana; Shital Manohar Punekar; Nivedika M B; Thimappa Ramachandrappa Lakshmeesha; Tekupalli Ravikiran

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c07505

Green Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles, Characterization, and Their Neuroprotective Effect on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Injury in Human Neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) Cell Line

ACS Omega. 2024 Jan 3;9(2):2639-2649. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07505. eCollection 2024 Jan 16.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru 560056, Karnataka, India.
² Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam, Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Physics, B.M.S. Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India.
⁵ Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂NPs) have a broad scale of applications in the biomedical field due to their excellent physicochemical and catalytic properties. The present study aims to synthesize the CeO₂NPs from Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) leaf extract, which has been used in Indian traditional medicine for its neuroprotective properties. The CeO₂NPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy- energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The antioxidant property was evaluated by 2,2-di (4-tert-octyl phenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl and OH radical assays. The neuroprotective potential was assessed against the oxidative stress (OS) induced by H₂O₂ in the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell line. CeO₂NPs exhibited significant DPPH and OH radical scavenging activity. Our results revealed that CeO₂NPs significantly increased H₂O₂-induced cell viability, decreased lactate dehydrogenase, protein carbonyls, reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis, and upregulated antioxidant enzyme activity. Our findings suggest that the CeO₂NPs protect the SH-SY5Y cells from OS and apoptosis, which could potentially counter OS-related neurodegenerative disorders.