Changes in Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Channel of 661w Cells In vitro with Excessive Light Time

Yahan Zhang; Rui Yin; Xin Liu

doi:10.18502/jovr.v18i4.14554

Changes in Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Channel of 661w Cells In vitro with Excessive Light Time

J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2023 Nov 30;18(4):417-423. doi: 10.18502/jovr.v18i4.14554. eCollection 2023 Oct-Dec.

Authors

Yahan Zhang¹, Rui Yin², Xin Liu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the response time and protective mechanism of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) channel in 661w cells.

Methods: 661w cells were exposed to 4500Lux visible light for three and four days at the following exposure time periods per day: 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180. Cells were incubated for the rest of the time without any other treatment. Cell activity and cell death rates were measured with Hoechst/PI (diphenylmethane/propidium iodide) staining. Western Blot was used to detect the levels of guanylate cyclase-activating proteins 1 (GCAP1), cGMP, and phosphodiesterase (PDE)6 in the cGMP-gated channel.

Results: 661w cells showed low mortality within three days. The mortality rate increased from the fourth day, especially during the longer times (120 and 180 min) of light exposure. After three-day illumination, the level of cGMP increased after 20 and 90 min and the level of GCAP1 increased after 60 and 90 min. After four days of illumination, the level of GCAP1 upregulated after a time of 20 and 60 min, while the cGMP level decreased from 30 min. The expression of PDE6 upregulated at each light period.

Conclusion: The survival rate of 661w cells was relevant to the time of light exposure. The changes in GCAP1, cGMP, and PDE6 levels over time were possibly related to cell metabolism and restoration after light-induced damage.

Keywords: Photoreceptor Cells; cGMP-gated Channel; Retinal Light-induced Injury.