A Cross-Sectional Survey on Psychological Health and Influencing Factors Among 2628 Asymptomatic and Mild COVID-19 Patients in Fangcang Shelter Hospital

Min Zhao; Fei-Xiang Liu; Xiao-Lin Wang; Ya-Hui Gao; Xiang Li

doi:10.2147/NDT.S446223

A Cross-Sectional Survey on Psychological Health and Influencing Factors Among 2628 Asymptomatic and Mild COVID-19 Patients in Fangcang Shelter Hospital

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2024 Jan 16:20:69-81. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S446223. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Min Zhao¹, Fei-Xiang Liu^#¹, Xiao-Lin Wang^#², Ya-Hui Gao², Xiang Li^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
² The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
³ State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Purpose: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a global public health concern. Many people have been forced to change their lifestyles, which has led to psychological and sleep problem. This study aims to investigate the psychological health problems and factors among patients in the Fangcang Shelter Hospital (FSH) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients and methods: A Cross-Sectional survey was conducted to investigate the sleep, anxiety, depression and stress disorders of 2628 asymptomatic and mild patients treated in FSH of Zhengzhou, Henan Province, from 30 October to 6 December 2022, by scanning a WeChat two-dimensional code. Sociodemographic data and influencing factors in FSH were collected, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were administered. Descriptive statistics, t-tests or analysis of variance, Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis, and multivariate regression analysis were used to explore the relationships between different variables and their impact on psychological health indicators.

Results: The proportions of patients with insomnia, depressive disorder, anxiety, and stress disorders were 33.49%, 35.80%, 31.74%, and 43.57%, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that factors such as gender, higher education level, positive nucleic acid test results, longer illness duration, underlying diseases, and extended electronic device use were associated with elevated psychological distress scores. Notably, within FSH, extended exposure to light, a noisy environment, and sleep schedule management significantly impacted the prevalence of insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress disorders (p<0.01). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis identified higher education level, light exposure, noisy environment, sleep management, and electronic device usage as the primary risk factors for psychological distress.

Conclusion: Patients in FSH face psychological distress influenced by sociodemographic factors, environment, and lifestyle, highlighting the need for integrated psychological support in healthcare, particularly in temporary medical facilities during crises.

Keywords: COVID-19; anxiety; depressive disorder; insomnia; stress disorders.