Behavior has short-term (proximal) and long-term (distal) consequences, and these consequences often involve different commodities. In particular, a commonly encountered distal consequence involves running out of resources - energy to respond, available food, ammunition, or money in the bank - that must be replenished before continuing a rewarding task. The current project examines proximal behavioral consequences in a video game (the amount of damage done to a clicked-on target as a function of waiting) and distal behavioral consequences (running out of the resources that allow the player to click on a target). When depleted, the resource replenished after a fixed amount of time. Thus, participants sometimes faced a tradeoff between behaviors that maximized their short-term reward rate and those that maximized their long-term reward rate. When the proximal contingency did not affect the short-term reward rate, the mere presence of limitations resulted in the slower use of resources, but the slowdown did not evidence strong sensitivity to the size of the resource pool nor the delay to its replenishment (Experiment 1). However, when the proximal contingency rewarded faster use of resources, participants did show sensitivity to the duration of the replenishment delay and the size of the resource pool (Experiment 2).
Keywords: depletion; experience-based decision-making; impulsivity; replenishment; resource limitations.