Novel terpyridines as Staphylococcus aureus gyrase inhibitors: efficient synthesis and antibacterial assessment via solvent-drop grinding

Future Med Chem. 2024 Feb;16(3):205-220. doi: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0278. Epub 2024 Jan 17.

Abstract

Aim: This study was designed to synthesize a novel series of terpyridines with potential antibacterial properties, targeting multidrug resistance. Materials & methods: Terpyridines (4a-h and 6a-c) were synthesized via a one-pot multicomponent reaction using 2,6-diacetylpyridines, benzaldehyde derivatives and malononitrile or ethyl 2-cyanoacetate. The reactions, conducted under grinding conditions with glacial acetic acid, produced high-yield compounds, confirmed by spectroscopic data. Results: The synthesized terpyridines exhibited potent antibacterial activity. Notably, compounds 4d and 4h demonstrated significant inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, outperforming ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Molecular docking studies highlighted compounds 4d, 4h and 6c as having strong binding affinity to DNA gyrase B, correlating with their robust antibacterial activity, suggesting their potential as effective agents against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains.

Keywords: antibacterial activity; grinding; molecular docking; pyridines; terpyridines.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • DNA Gyrase / metabolism
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Molecular Structure
  • Staphylococcus aureus*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • DNA Gyrase
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors