Infectious diseases seriously threaten human health. The early detection of the causative organism and antibiotic resistance genes of infection remains a major clinical challenge. Next-generation sequencing has been widely used in diagnosing infectious diseases. Cheaper and faster targeted next-generation sequencing technology is progressively being used in clinical practice. However, the awareness among clinicians about the clinical utility of this technology is limited. The article presents the theoretical background, advantages and disadvantages, clinical applications of targeted next-generation sequencing, and its contrasts with metagenomics next-generation sequencing. It provides a reference for clinicians to select laboratory methods for identifying pathogens in clinical practice.
感染性疾病严重威胁着人类健康，感染性疾病致病微生物的及时诊断及抗生素耐药基因的早期识别是临床面临的一大挑战。宏基因组二代测序技术已经广泛应用于感染性疾病的临床实践，而成本更低、灵敏度更高的靶向二代测序技术也开始逐步应用于临床，但是目前临床医生对该技术的认识还存在较大局限。本文针对靶向二代测序技术的原理、优缺点、临床应用场景及与宏基因组二代测序技术的对比等方面进行阐述，为临床医生在感染性疾病病原体鉴定方法的选择方面提供思路和参考。.