Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum and rumen protected fat on meat quality, oxidative stability, and chemical composition of finishing goats

Meimei Zhang; Zhiyue Zhang; Xinlong Zhang; Changming Lu; Wenzhu Yang; Xiaolai Xie; Hangshu Xin; Xiaotan Lu; Mingbo Ni; Xinyue Yang; Xiaoyang Lv; Peixin Jiao

doi:10.1186/s40104-023-00972-8

Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum and rumen protected fat on meat quality, oxidative stability, and chemical composition of finishing goats

J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2024 Jan 15;15(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40104-023-00972-8.

Authors

Meimei Zhang^#¹, Zhiyue Zhang^#¹, Xinlong Zhang¹, Changming Lu¹, Wenzhu Yang², Xiaolai Xie¹, Hangshu Xin¹, Xiaotan Lu¹, Mingbo Ni³, Xinyue Yang¹, Xiaoyang Lv⁴, Peixin Jiao^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
² Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, T1J 4B1, Canada.
³ School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia.
⁴ International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
⁵ College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. Peixin.jiao@neau.edu.cn.
⁶ School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia. Peixin.jiao@neau.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Clostridium butyricum (CB) is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality. Rumen protected fat (RPF) has been shown to increase the dietary energy density and provide essential fatty acids. However, it is still unknown whether dietary supplementation with CB and RPF exerts beneficial effects on growth performance and nutritional value of goat meat. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary CB and RPF supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, oxidative stability, and meat nutritional value of finishing goats. Thirty-two goats (initial body weight, 20.5 ± 0.82 kg) were used in a completely randomized block design with a 2 RPF supplementation (0 vs. 30 g/d) × 2 CB supplementation (0 vs. 1.0 g/d) factorial treatment arrangement. The experiment included a 14-d adaptation and 70-d data and sample collection period. The goats were fed a diet consisted of 400 g/kg peanut seedling and 600 g/kg corn-based concentrate (dry matter basis).

Result: Interaction between CB and RPF was rarely observed on the variables measured, except that shear force was reduced (P < 0.05) by adding CB or RPF alone or their combination; the increased intramuscular fat (IMF) content with adding RPF was more pronounced (P < 0.05) with CB than without CB addition. The pH_24h (P = 0.009), a* values (P = 0.007), total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.050), glutathione peroxidase activities (P = 0.006), concentrations of 18:3 (P < 0.001), 20:5 (P = 0.003) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.048) were increased, whereas the L* values (P < 0.001), shear force (P = 0.050) and malondialdehyde content (P = 0.044) were decreased by adding CB. Furthermore, CB supplementation increased essential amino acid (P = 0.027), flavor amino acid (P = 0.010) and total amino acid contents (P = 0.024) as well as upregulated the expression of lipoprotein lipase (P = 0.034) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) (P = 0.012), and downregulated the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) (P = 0.034). The RPF supplementation increased dry matter intake (P = 0.005), averaged daily gain (trend, P = 0.058), hot carcass weight (P = 0.046), backfat thickness (P = 0.006), concentrations of 16:0 (P < 0.001) and c9-18:1 (P = 0.002), and decreased the shear force (P < 0.001), isoleucine (P = 0.049) and lysine content (P = 0.003) of meat. In addition, the expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (P = 0.003), fatty acid synthase (P = 0.038), SCD (P < 0.001) and PPARγ (P = 0.022) were upregulated due to RPF supplementation, resulting in higher (P < 0.001) content of IMF.

Conclusions: CB and RPF could be fed to goats for improving the growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality, and promote fat deposition by upregulating the expression of lipogenic genes of Longissimus thoracis muscle.

Keywords: Chemical composition; Clostridium butyricum; Goats; Meat quality; Oxidative stability; Rumen protected fat.

Abstract

Grants and funding